Add olive oil to a large pot over medium-high heat. Once the oil is shimmering, add the ground beef and season with salt and pepper.
Add the diced onion and minced garlic to the beef. Sauté for about 2 minutes until the onion softens. Then add the chopped cabbage and sliced carrots, cooking for an additional 3 minutes.
Pour in the beef broth, tomato sauce, and Worcestershire sauce. Stir in the uncooked rice, bay leaves, and brown sugar.